Introduction: Despite the increasing number of transplantable organs and tissues and advances in transplantation, there is a serious shortage of organ donors. Traditions, perceptions, attitudes, habits, value judgments and belief systems related to ethical dilemmas play an active role, in shortage of organ donors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the attitudes and behaviors related to these ethical dilemmas.

Method: In the cross-sectional survey study, 563 people (278 male, 285 female) evaluated 10 questions about 10 ethical aspects of organ transplantation. Participants are those working in the field of law (n=30), education (n=36), health (n=124), social services (n=50), communication (n=37), members of non-governmental organizations (n=37), people who have received Islamic education (n=23), the public (young, adult, old, n=156), individuals from different religions (n=523 Islamic, n=40 other religions) and belief groups, and people with disabilities (n=30). The ethical dimensions addressed in questions are as follows; Ethical issues in animal tissue and organ transplantation, the ethical dimension of the effect of religious belief in organ transplantation, the ethical dimension of organ transplantation within the framework of human rights, ethical problems arising from the patient-physician relationship in organ transplantation, social risk sharing and ethical dimensions in organ transplantation, the effect of organ transplantation and the role of the media in ethics , ethical problems arising from lack of informed consent in organ transplantation, ethical dilemmas in organ and tissue distribution, ethical problems in artificial tissue and organ transplantation.

Results: The mean age of participants is 36.6 ±13.9.The education level of 63.4% is at the undergraduate level. 95.7% of the participants accept organ donation from another religion. 74% accept tissue and organ transplantation from animals. 21% of the participants do not want to donate their organs in line with their religious beliefs in order to preserve their body integrity after death. 59% stated that they may be affected by the activities of political parties for organ donation. The rate of those who think that the demographic characteristics of the people waiting on the organ list should be taken into consideration is 21%. The percentage of those who stated that they would accept to receive an organ from the organ mafia if they were left in a desperate situation is 27%, and the percentage of those who are undecided is 20%. 53% of them stated that they would be highly impressed by their doctor about organ donation. Disabled participants were the most affected by their physicians' views on organ transplantation. Cadavers were the most requested donor group if they had the right to select from the organ donor list.

Conclusion: In ethical terms, it has been determined that there are important dilemmas regarding organ transplantation in the value judgments of individuals.