Introduction: In chronic kidney disease (CKD) there are historical inequities in multiple stages of the pathway for organ transplantation: access to waiting lists, organ distribution of deceased donor kidneys, living donor kidney transplant recipients, and preemptive transplantation. Non-medical factors that can affect access to transplants include gender inequity in which men are favored. Women have been recognized as disadvantaged within this process even after several efforts. This inequity has been repetitively proven through data analysis of the US databases. In Colombia, there is a gendered difference in access to waiting lists, kidney allocation of cadaveric donors, and living donor recipients; although this has never been analyzed from information published by a local entity in Colombia.

Methods: Cross- sectional study based on secondary analysis of local public information between 2015 and 2020, which include chronic kidney disease, chronic hypertension, and diabetes, waiting list, deceased and living donor transplantation. Healthcare professionals in transplantation was also analyzed.

Results: In Colombia, 4.934.914 patients were diagnosed with hypertension, diabetes or chronic kidney disease. 60,64% were female, with mean age 63.84 years old (SD 14,36 years). Crude incidence for hypertension was 8.34 cases/100 000 inhabitants and crude prevalence was 9.02 cases/100 inhabitants, there were more females with hypertension than males (10.85 vs 7.21/100 inhabitants). Diabetes mellitus’ crude incidence was 3.77 for female and 2.98 for males. Mortality for diabetic patients was 62.78 cases/100 000 inhabitants, being higher for females. CKD incidence was 3.3 for female and 2.79 for male/1000 inhabitants. Mortality is similar for both genders. Crude incidence for renal replacement therapy was 86.45 cases /100 0000 inhabitants. Waiting list by 2020 had 3003 patients nationwide, 56.3% male and 43.7% female. There were 251 deaths while on waiting list, 38% female. By 2020 a total of 797 kidney transplants were performed, 42% were female. Kidney transplant incidence was 11.95/100 000 inhabitants. Mortality in transplanted patients was 2.77 cases/1 000 000 inhabitants. 

Conclusion: In Colombia according to national records, there are proportionally more females with ESRD, nevertheless there are less females in waiting list and transplanted annually. This may represent diverse barriers which should be identified and addressed accordingly in order to improve female access to renal replacement therapy.